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★ 8/10

A Boundary Hunt

Let f(x)=ax2+4x−2f(x) = ax^2 + 4x - 2. Suppose the real number aa can be chosen so that

∣f(x)∣⩽4for all x∈[m,0].|f(x)| \leqslant 4 \qquad \text{for all } x \in [m, 0].

Find the minimum possible value of mm, …

functionsQuadratic EquationsAbsolute Valueinequality+1
★ 8/10

Splitting a Logarithm

Find all kk such that

ln⁡xx+1+1x>ln⁡xx−1+kx\frac{\ln x}{x+1} + \frac1x > \frac{\ln x}{x-1} + \frac{k}{x}

holds for all x>0x > 0 with x≠1x \ne 1.

calculusMonotonicityLogarithmsinequality+1
★ 8/10

A Telescoping Log Product

Let f(x)=log⁡x+1(x+2)f(x) = \log_{x+1}(x+2) for x⩾1x \geqslant 1, and

g(x)=f(x)⋅f(x+1)⋯f(x+n)(n∈N∗).g(x) = f(x)\cdot f(x+1)\cdots f(x+n) \qquad (n \in \mathbb{N}^*).

Let F(n)F(n) be the maximum of g(x)g(x) on [1,+∞)[1, +\infty).…

functionsMonotonicitysequencesLogarithms+1
★ 7/10

An Isosceles Configuration

Consider the hyperbola Γ ⁣:x2−y2b2=1\Gamma \colon x^2 - \dfrac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (with b>0b > 0) with left and right vertices A1,A2A_1, A_2. A line ll through the point M(−2,0)M(-2, 0) meets Γ\Gamma at …

conic sectionsanalytic geometryVieta's FormulasSymmetry
★ 7/10

Three Roots in Progression

Let f(x)=∣x−a∣−4x+af(x) = |x - a| - \dfrac4x + a with a∈Ra \in \mathbb{R}. Determine whether there exists aa such that the equation f(x)=3f(x) = 3 has exactly three distinct real roots forming an a…

functionsArithmetic ProgressionAbsolute ValueCasework
★ 7/10

Adding a Random Sixth

A sample consists of the data 0,1,2,3,40, 1, 2, 3, 4. A random value XX with

P(X=k)=132(5k),k∈{0,1,2,3,4,5},P(X = k) = \frac{1}{32}\binom{5}{k}, \qquad k \in \{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5\},

is appended to form a new sampl…

StatisticsprobabilityCasework
★ 6/10

Which Midpoints Are Possible?

Let A,BA, B be two points on the hyperbola x2−y29=1x^2 - \dfrac{y^2}{9} = 1. For each of the points

(1,1),(−1,2),(1,3),(−1,−4),(1, 1), \qquad (-1, 2), \qquad (1, 3), \qquad (-1, -4),

determine whether it can …

Midpoint Chord Methodconic sectionsanalytic geometryCasework+1
★ 7/10

The Best Max of Two Absolutes

Let f(x)=∣x+a∣+∣x2+b∣f(x) = |x + a| + |x^2 + b| for x∈[0,1]x \in [0, 1], and let M(a,b)M(a, b) denote the maximum of f(x)f(x) on [0,1][0, 1]. If the minimum possible value of M(a,b)M(a, b) is 11, find all possibl…

functionsExtremaAbsolute Valueinequality+1
★ 8/10

An Affine Fixed Point

Consider the ellipse E ⁣:x24+y23=1E \colon \dfrac{x^2}{4} + \dfrac{y^2}{3} = 1. A line through P(2,1)P(2, 1) meets the ellipse at MM and NN; through NN, the line of slope −32-\dfrac{3}{2} meets…

Reflectionconic sectionsanalytic geometryVieta's Formulas
★ 7/10

An Isosceles Vertex Locus

In the coordinate plane, BB moves along the curve y=1−x2y = \sqrt{1 - x^2}, and A(2,0)A(2, 0). A point CC in the first quadrant makes △ABC\triangle ABC an isosceles right triangle with the…

plane geometryCirclesanalytic geometryTriangle Geometry
★ 8/10

Ordering Three Dihedral Angles in a Regular Tetrahedron

figure

As shown in the figure, in a regular tetrahedron ABCDABCD, points PP, QQ, RR lie on edges ABAB, ADAD, ACAC, respectively, …

solid geometryLinear Algebra
★ 8/10

An Angle Between a Line and a Plane After Projection

figure

As shown in the figure, the equilateral triangle A′BCA'BC has side length 11. Its vertex A′A' lies in a plane α\alpha…

trigonometryExtremaParametrizationsolid geometry

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