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★ 6/10

Zeros of a Cosine Product

Let

f(x)=(x−π2)cos⁡x+1.f(x) = \left(x - \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\cos x + 1.

1. Discuss the monotonicity of f(x)f(x) on the interval [0,π][0, \pi]. 2. Determine, with proof, the number of zeros of $y = …

trigonometryExtremacalculusMonotonicity
★ 7/10

A Zero-Free Window

Let

f(x)=sin⁡2ωx2+12sin⁡ωx−12(ω>0),x∈R.f(x)=\sin^2\frac{\omega x}2+\frac 12\sin\omega x-\frac 12\qquad(\omega>0),\quad x\in\mathbb R.

Suppose f(x)f(x) has no zero in the interval (π,2π)(\pi,2\pi). Find the range of $\…

trigonometryTrigonometric IdentitiesCasework
★ 8/10

A Tangent Chord and a Tangent Circumcircle

Consider the parabola y=x2y=x^2 and the circle P:x2+(y−2)2=1P:x^2+(y-2)^2=1. From a point AA on the parabola, the two tangent lines to the circle meet the parabola again at points BB and CC;…

Tangent Circleconic sectionsanalytic geometryVieta's Formulas
★ 6/10

An Ellipse Tangent to a Hyperbola

For what value of tt is the ellipse

x2t+1+y2t−1=1\frac{x^2}{t+1} + \frac{y^2}{t-1} = 1

tangent to the hyperbola xy=1xy = 1?

conic sectionsanalytic geometry
★ 7/10

A Tangent That Measures Distance

Consider the line ℓ:y=x+t\ell: y = x + t and the circle C:x2+(y−2)2=8C: x^2 + (y-2)^2 = 8.

Suppose there is a fixed point MM such that for every point PP on ℓ\ell, the tangent length from …

Circlesanalytic geometry
★ 7/10

Slicing a Cube Through a Face Center

figure

In a cube ABCD-A1B1C1D1ABCD\text{-}A_1B_1C_1D_1 with edge length 44, PP is the center of the square face BCC1B1BCC_1B_1, a…

Cavalieri's Principlesolid geometry
★ 8/10

A Difference Argument

Sequences {an}\{a_n\}, {bn}\{b_n\}, {cn}\{c_n\} satisfy

bn=an−an+2,cn=an+2an+1+3an+2.b_n = a_n - a_{n+2}, \qquad c_n = a_n + 2a_{n+1} + 3a_{n+2}.

If {cn}\{c_n\} is an arithmetic sequence and $b_n \leqslant b_{n+…

Arithmetic ProgressionMonotonicitysequences
★ 7/10

Two Viewing-Angle Conditions

Consider the circle O ⁣:x2+y2=4O \colon x^2 + y^2 = 4 and the line l ⁣:y=kx+5l \colon y = kx + 5.

1. If there exist a point AA on ll and a point BB on the circle OO with $\angle OAB = \dfrac{\…

Law of SinesCirclesanalytic geometry
★ 7/10

A Classic Exponential-Log Bound

Let f(x)=ex−ln⁡(x+m)f(x) = \mathrm{e}^x - \ln(x + m).

1. Suppose x=0x = 0 is an extreme point of f(x)f(x). Find mm, and discuss the monotonicity of f(x)f(x). 2. Prove that if m⩽2m \leqslant 2, then …

functionsExtremacalculusTangent Line Trick+1
★ 7/10

Divisible by 2 but Not 4

Let an=1+2+⋯+na_n = 1 + 2 + \cdots + n and Sm=a1+a2+⋯+amS_m = a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_m. Among S1,S2,…,S2017S_1, S_2, \dots, S_{2017}, how many are divisible by 22 but not by 44?

number theoryModular ArithmeticsequencesTelescoping
★ 7/10

A Uniform Bound Past Two

If the inequality

2ex−2+(a−2)x+2>2a+aln⁡(x−1)2\mathrm{e}^{x-2} + (a - 2)x + 2 > 2a + a\ln(x - 1)

holds for all x∈(2,+∞)x \in (2, +\infty), find the range of possible values of the real number aa.

calculusTangent Line TrickMonotonicityinequality
★ 8/10

A Unique Pair of Equal Chords

Let CC be a hyperbola with center OO. Suppose there is exactly one pair of lines A1B1A_1B_1 and A2B2A_2B_2 through OO, making an angle of 60∘60^\circ with each other, such that $|A_1…

conic sectionsCaseworkSymmetry

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