Median Points in the Plane

Problem

For points P1,…,PnP_1,\dots,P_n in a plane α\alpha, call a point PP (in α\alpha) a median point if the sum of distances from PP to P1,…,PnP_1,\dots,P_n is minimal. (For example, every point of segment ABAB is a median point of the endpoints A,BA,B.) Determine, with proof, which of the following are true.

1. If A,B,CA,B,C are collinear with CC on segment ABAB, then CC is a median point of A,B,CA,B,C. 2. The midpoint of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is a median point of the three vertices. 3. If A,B,C,DA,B,C,D are collinear, their median point exists and is unique. 4. The intersection of the diagonals of a trapezoid is its unique median point (of the four vertices).

Answer

Solution

Difficulty8/10
Topicsplane geometry, Casework, Triangle Geometry

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