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7/10

A Dihedral Circumsphere

The base of the tetrahedron P-ABCP\text{-}ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 22. Given PA=PB=2PA = PB = \sqrt{2} and that the dihedral angle P-BA-CP\text{-}BA\text{-}C measures 6060^\circ

solid geometrySymmetry
8/10

A Parallel from Symmetric Points

Consider the ellipse x24+y23=1\dfrac{x^2}4+\dfrac{y^2}3=1 with left vertex AA and upper vertex BB. Let PP and QQ be two points on the ellipse symmetric about the origin OO. The line …

conic sectionsanalytic geometryVieta's FormulasSymmetry
7/10

Six Points with a Fixed Dot Product

figure

In the figure, square ABCDABCD has side length 66. Points EE and FF lie on sides ADAD and BCBC respectively, with $DE …

plane geometryCirclesCaseworkvectors
8/10

A Monotonicity Region

Let f(x)=(x2+ax+b)exf(x) = (x^2 + ax + b)e^x with b<1b < 1, and suppose f(x)f(x) is increasing on both (,2)(-\infty, -2) and (1,+)(1, +\infty). Find the range of possible values of a+ba2\dfrac{a+b}{a-2}.

functionsLinear ProgrammingcalculusMonotonicity+1
7/10

Max Versus Max

The 2n2n consecutive integers 1,2,,2n1, 2, \ldots, 2n (where nNn \in \mathbb{N}^*, n2n \geqslant 2) are randomly split into two groups AA and BB of nn numbers each. Let aa be the la…

combinatoricsStatisticsprobabilitySymmetry
8/10

A Two-Sided Series Bound

A sequence {an}\{a_n\} satisfies a1=1a_1 = 1 and

nan+1=(n+2)an+n,na_{n+1} = (n+2)a_n + n,

and bn=ann(n+1)b_n = \dfrac{a_n}{n(n+1)}.

1. Find bnb_n and ana_n. 2. Prove that

\frac{n}{2} \leqslant \frac{…
RecursionsequencesEstimationTelescoping+1
5/10

An Arc Versus a Chord

Arrange in increasing order:

π6and23.\frac{\pi}{6} \qquad \text{and} \qquad \sqrt{2 - \sqrt{3}}.
plane geometrytrigonometryLaw of CosinesEstimation+1
9/10

A Minimum With a Surprising Constant

Let x,y,z0x, y, z \ge 0 with at most one of them zero. Find the minimum of

f(x,y,z) = \sqrt{\frac{x^2 + 256yz}{y^2+z^2}} + \sqrt{\frac{y^2 + 256zx}{z^2+x^2}} + \sqrt{\frac{z^2 + 256…
SubstitutionAM-GMinequalityCasework
9/10

Convexity and Jensen

Call f(x)f(x) convex on (a,b)(a, b) if it is differentiable there and f(x)f'(x) is increasing.

1. Decide whether y=x3y = x^3 and y=ln1xy = \ln\dfrac{1}{x} are convex on their domains. 2. Let…

calculusConvexityMonotonicityAM-GM+1
6/10

Zeros of a Derivative

Let f(x)=emx+xxlnxf(x) = \mathrm{e}^{mx} + x - x\ln x with m0m \geqslant 0.

1. When m=1m = 1, find the range of f(x)f(x) on [1,e][1, \mathrm{e}]. 2. Let f(x)f'(x) be the derivative of f(x)f(x). Determi…

functionscalculusSubstitutionMonotonicity+1
8/10

A Maximum With a Prescribed Value

Let f(x)=xx+a+mx1f(x) = x|x + a| + m|x - 1|.

1. For a=0a = 0, m=1m = 1, describe the monotonicity of ff. 2. If the maximum of ff on [0,2][0, 2] equals a+1a + 1, find the range of mm (in terms o…

functionsExtremaAbsolute ValueCasework
6/10

A Tangent-Line Bound

Let a,b,ca, b, c be positive real numbers with a+b+c=3a + b + c = 3. Prove that

ab3+2+bc3+2+ca3+2>56.\frac{a}{b^3+2} + \frac{b}{c^3+2} + \frac{c}{a^3+2} > \frac{5}{6}.
calculusMonotonicityAM-GMinequality

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