Surface Area and Volume of a Folded Hexagonal Solid

Problem

figure

In a regular hexagonal prism ABCDEF-A1B1C1D1E1F1ABCDEF\text{-}A_1B_1C_1D_1E_1F_1 (Fig. 1) the base edge length is 11 and the lateral edge length is 22. Points B2,D2,F2B_2,D_2,F_2 are given by BB2→=λBB1→\overrightarrow{BB_2}=\lambda\overrightarrow{BB_1}, DD2→=λDD1→\overrightarrow{DD_2}=\lambda\overrightarrow{DD_1}, FF2→=λFF1→\overrightarrow{FF_2}=\lambda\overrightarrow{FF_1} with 0<λ<10<\lambda<1. From the prism, cut away the three tetrahedra B2-ABCB_2\text{-}ABC, D2-CDED_2\text{-}CDE, F2-EFAF_2\text{-}EFA, then fold triangles △ACB2\triangle ACB_2, △CED2\triangle CED_2, △EAF2\triangle EAF_2 upward through 180∘180^\circ about ACAC, CECE, EAEA respectively, so that B2,D2,F2B_2,D_2,F_2 coincide at a single point PP; this yields the curved-top polyhedron in Fig. 2.

Let S1,V1S_1,V_1 be the surface area and volume of the original prism, and let S2,V2S_2,V_2 be the surface area and volume of the resulting polyhedron when λ=14\lambda=\dfrac14. Determine, with justification, the relationship between S1S_1 and S2S_2, and between V1V_1 and V2V_2.

Answer

Solution

Difficulty9/10
Topicssolid geometry, Reflection, Symmetry, vectors

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