Perfect Subsets

Problem

For nNn \in \mathbb{N}^*, write A|A| for the number of elements of a set AA and min(A)\min(A) for its smallest element. A nonempty set A{1,2,,n}A \subseteq \{1, 2, \ldots, n\} is called an nn-perfect set if Amin(A)|A| \leqslant \min(A). Let ana_n be the number of nn-perfect sets. Determine, with proof, which of the following are true:

1. a4=7a_4 = 7; 2. adding 11 to every element of an nn-perfect set always yields an (n+1)(n+1)-perfect set; 3. the number of (n+2)(n+2)-perfect sets AA with A>1|A| > 1 and n+2An + 2 \in A is an+1na_{n+1} - n; 4. the number of (n+2)(n+2)-perfect sets AA with A>1|A| > 1 and n+2An + 2 \notin A is an+1n1a_{n+1} - n - 1.

Answer

Solution

Difficulty8/10
Topicscombinatorics, Counting, Set Theory, Recursion

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