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8/10

Two Perpendicular Chords

Let PP be the bottom vertex of the ellipse E ⁣:x24+y2=1E \colon \dfrac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1. Two mutually perpendicular lines l1,l2l_1, l_2 pass through PP: the line l1l_1 meets the circle $x^2 …

ExtremaCirclesconic sectionsanalytic geometry
8/10

An Asymptote Slope Range

The hyperbola x2a2y2b2=1\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a,b>0a,b>0) has right focus FF and right vertex AA. The line through FF perpendicular to AFAF meets the hyperbola at points BB

Similar Trianglesconic sectionsSymmetry
7/10

Claims About a Difference-Closed Sequence

A five-term sequence a1,a2,a3,a4,a5a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5 satisfies 0a1<a2<a3<a4<a50\leqslant a_1<a_2<a_3<a_4<a_5, and for all i,ji,j with 1ij51\leqslant i\leqslant j\leqslant 5, the difference ajaia_j-a_i is a te…

combinatoricsArithmetic ProgressionLogicsequences+1
7/10

Zeros of a Piecewise Cubic

Define

f(x)={x,xa,x33x,x<a.f(x)=\begin{cases}x,&x\geqslant a,\\ x^3-3x,&x<a.\end{cases}

1. If f(x)f(x) has exactly two zeros, find the range of the real number aa. 2. If a2a\leqslant -2, find all …

functionsMonotonicityCasework
8/10

An Equal-Sums Locus

The ellipse G ⁣:x26+y2b2=1G \colon \dfrac{x^2}{6} + \dfrac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (with 0<b<60 < b < \sqrt{6}) has foci F1,F2F_1, F_2 and minor-axis endpoints B1,B2B_1, B_2. A point PP on GG satisfies

PB|PB_…
conic sectionsAM-GManalytic geometrySymmetry
7/10

Counting Parallelogram Pyramids

A quadrilateral pyramid has one lateral edge perpendicular to its base, its base is a parallelogram, and the set of lengths of its 88 edges is {1,2,3}\{1,\sqrt 2,\sqrt 3\}. Find the nu…

combinatoricsCountingsolid geometryCasework
7/10

Nonadjacent Integer Radicals

Let x,y0x, y \ge 0, and set

a=x+y,b=x+2+y+2.a = \sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y}, \qquad b = \sqrt{x+2} + \sqrt{y+2}.

Given that aa and bb are integers that are not consecutive, find aa and bb.

number theoryMonotonicityalgebraEstimation
7/10

A Weighted Orthocenter

Let HH be the orthocenter of ABC\triangle ABC, and

3HA+4HB+5HC=0.3\overrightarrow{HA} + 4\overrightarrow{HB} + 5\overrightarrow{HC} = \vec 0.

Find cosAHB\cos\angle AHB.

plane geometrytrigonometryTrigonometric IdentitiesTriangle Geometry+1
6/10

Eccentricity from a Perpendicular Focal Chord

figure

The ellipse x2a2+y2b2=1\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)(a>b>0) shown has left and right foci F1F_1 and F2F_2. A…

SubstitutionMonotonicityconic sectionsanalytic geometry
8/10

A Slope Ratio Maximum

The three lines

l1:y=k1x,l2:y=k2x+1,l3:y=k3(x1)l_1:y=k_1x,\qquad l_2:y=k_2x+1,\qquad l_3:y=k_3(x-1)

bound a triangle of area 44, and k1<0<k2<k3k_1<0<k_2<k_3. Find the maximum value of k2k3\dfrac{k_2}{k_3}.

ExtremaAM-GManalytic geometry
7/10

Birthday Multiples

Joey, Chloe, and their daughter Zoe share a birthday. Joey is one year older than Chloe, and Zoe turns exactly 11 today. Today Chloe's age is an integer multiple of Zoe's age, and…

Diophantine Equationsnumber theoryCounting
8/10

A Harmonic Slope Invariant

The ellipse E ⁣:x2a2+y2b2=1E \colon \dfrac{x^2}{a^2} + \dfrac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (with a>b>0a > b > 0) has eccentricity 12\dfrac{1}{2}. Two lines through the interior point P(1,1)P(1, 1) meet the ellipse a…

Substitutionconic sectionsanalytic geometrySymmetry

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