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6/10

Two Balls in a Cylinder

A closed cylindrical container (wall thickness negligible) has base radius 4 cm4\text{ cm} and height 9 cm9\text{ cm}, and contains two iron balls of equal radius. Find the maximum pos…

Quadratic Equationssolid geometryTangent Circle
8/10

Hexagons in a Triangular Grid

A regular hexagon of side length 126126 is divided into unit equilateral triangles whose sides are parallel to the sides of the hexagon and have length 11. Let nn be the number of…

combinatoricsCountingModular Arithmetic
7/10

One Zero Only

Let f(x)=13x3a(x2+x+1)f(x) = \dfrac13 x^3 - a\left(x^2 + x + 1\right).

1. For a=3a = 3, find the intervals of monotonicity of ff. 2. Prove that ff has exactly one real zero (for every real aa).

functionsExtremacalculusMonotonicity+1
8/10

A Golden Logarithmic Inequality

Prove that for every nonzero real number xx,

\max\{0, \ln|x|\} \geqslant \frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2\sqrt{5}}\ln|x| + \frac{1}{2\sqrt{5}}\ln\left|x^2-1\right| + \frac{1}{2}\ln\frac{\sq…
ExtremacalculusLogarithmsinequality+1
5/10

Distance to the Center

Consider the ellipse x29+y26=1\dfrac{x^2}{9} + \dfrac{y^2}{6} = 1 with foci F1,F2F_1, F_2 and center OO. A point PP on the ellipse satisfies

cosF1PF2=35.\cos\angle F_1PF_2 = \frac{3}{5}.

Find $|…

Law of Cosinesconic sectionsanalytic geometry
8/10

A Double Quantifier Condition

Let f(x)=exaxf(x) = e^x - ax and g(x)=lnxaxg(x) = \ln x - ax. Suppose that for every x1(0,+)x_1 \in (0, +\infty) there exists x2(0,+)x_2 \in (0, +\infty) such that

f(x1)g(x2)=x1x2.f(x_1)\,g(x_2) = x_1 x_2.

Find the …

functionsExtremacalculusMonotonicity+2
7/10

When a Maximum Exists

The function

f(x)=xlnxax2x+1f(x) = x\ln x - ax^2 - x + 1

attains a maximum value. Find the range of possible values of aa.

ExtremacalculusMonotonicityLogarithms
6/10

Extremes of a Partial-Sum Sequence

A geometric sequence {an}\{a_n\} with first term 32\dfrac{3}{2} is not non-increasing, and its partial sums SnS_n satisfy: S3+a3S_3 + a_3, S5+a5S_5 + a_5, S4+a4S_4 + a_4 form an arithmetic se…

Geometric ProgressionMonotonicitysequencesCasework
8/10

Four Zeros with an Absolute

The function

f(x)=x2(x4)2ax2+2af(x) = x^2(x-4)^2 - a|x - 2| + 2a

has exactly 44 zeros. Find the range of possible values of the real number aa.

functionsSubstitutionAbsolute ValueCasework
8/10

A Triangle Inscribed in One Parabola, Tangent to Another

figure

As shown in the figure, the triangle ABCABC is inscribed in the parabola E:x2=yE: x^2 = y, and the lines containi…

plane geometryconic sectionsanalytic geometryVieta's Formulas+1
5/10

Three Complex Products

Complex numbers x,y,zx, y, z satisfy

{xy=80320i,yz=60,zx=96+24i.\begin{cases} xy = -80 - 320\mathrm{i}, \\ yz = 60, \\ zx = -96 + 24\mathrm{i}. \end{cases}

Find x+y+z2|x + y + z|^2.

complex numbersSubstitutionalgebra
9/10

Two Zeros and a Bounded Minimum

Let a(0,1)a \in (0, 1), and define

f(x)=xax(a+1)lnx+a1,g(x)=x+ax1lnx.f(x) = x - \frac{a}{x} - (a+1)\ln x + a - 1, \qquad g(x) = \frac{x+a}{x-1}\ln x.

1. Prove that f(x)f(x) has exactly 22 zeros. 2. For $x \in (0,…

ExtremacalculusMonotonicityAM-GM

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