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★ 8/10

A Minimum Over Triangle Angles

Let A,B,CA, B, C be the interior angles of a triangle. Find the minimum value of

m=1sin⁡2A+1sin⁡2B+41+sin⁡C.m = \frac{1}{\sin^2 A} + \frac{1}{\sin^2 B} + \frac{4}{1 + \sin C}.
trigonometryExtremaTrigonometric IdentitiesAM-GM+1
★ 7/10

Seven-of-Eight Sums

Let a1,a2,…,a8a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_8 be 88 positive integers, and let

S={ai1+ai2+⋯+ai7∣1⩽i1<i2<⋯<i7⩽8}S = \left\{a_{i_1} + a_{i_2} + \cdots + a_{i_7} \mid 1 \leqslant i_1 < i_2 < \cdots < i_7 \leqslant 8\right\}

be…

combinatoricsnumber theoryCountingModular Arithmetic
★ 6/10

Chebyshev Coefficients, Guessed

Observe:

cos⁡2α=2cos⁡2α−1,\cos 2\alpha = 2\cos^2\alpha - 1, cos⁡4α=8cos⁡4α−8cos⁡2α+1,\cos 4\alpha = 8\cos^4\alpha - 8\cos^2\alpha + 1, cos⁡6α=32cos⁡6α−48cos⁡4α+18cos⁡2α−1,\cos 6\alpha = 32\cos^6\alpha - 48\cos^4\alpha + 18\cos^2\alpha - 1,

…

trigonometryalgebraPolynomialsTrigonometric Identities
★ 8/10

A Circumcircle of Maximal Area

The ellipse C:x29+y23=1C:\dfrac{x^2}9+\dfrac{y^2}3=1 has left vertex AA. A line ll through the point B(1,0)B(1,0) meets CC at two points PP and QQ. Let NN be the circumscribed circle of $…

Circlesconic sectionsAM-GManalytic geometry+1
★ 8/10

Claims About a Periodic Recurrence

A sequence {an}\{a_n\} is periodic with period TT if there is a positive integer TT with an+T=ana_{n+T}=a_n for all nn. Let {an}\{a_n\} satisfy a1=ma_1=m (m>0m>0) and

number theoryRecursionsequencesCasework
★ 6/10

A 45-Degree Viewing Angle

Consider the circle C ⁣:x2+y2=2C \colon x^2 + y^2 = 2 and the line l ⁣:x+2y−4=0l \colon x + 2y - 4 = 0, and let P(x0,y0)P(x_0, y_0) be a point on ll. If there exists a point QQ on the circle CC such tha…

Tangent CircleCirclesanalytic geometry
★ 7/10

Claims About a Min-Value Function

Let f(x)=∣x+1∣+∣ax−2∣f(x)=|x+1|+|ax-2| (a>0a>0) with domain R\mathbb R, and let M(a)M(a) be its minimum value. Determine, with proof, which of the following claims are true.

1. The minimum value o…

functionsAbsolute ValueMonotonicitySymmetry
★ 6/10

A Chord Through Two Centroids

In a cube ABCD-A1B1C1D1ABCD\text{-}A_1B_1C_1D_1 with edge length 33, let EE and FF be the centroids of △A1DB\triangle A_1DB and △A1DC1\triangle A_1DC_1 respectively. Find the length of the chord …

solid geometryCircles
★ 7/10

A Floor-Sum Identity

Let n∈N∗n \in \mathbb{N}^*. Prove that

∑i=0⌊n/3⌋⌊n−3i2⌋=⌊n2+2n+412⌋…\sum_{i=0}^{\left\lfloor n/3 \right\rfloor} \left\lfloor \frac{n - 3i}{2} \right\rfloor = \left\lfloor \frac{n^2 + 2n + 4}{12} \right\rfloor…
number theoryInductionCasework
★ 7/10

Reversed Cyclic Fractions

Let a,b,c>0a, b, c > 0 with a+b+c=3a + b + c = 3. Prove that

a2b+b2c+c2a⩽ab2+bc2+ca2.\frac{a^2}{b} + \frac{b^2}{c} + \frac{c^2}{a} \leqslant \frac{a}{b^2} + \frac{b}{c^2} + \frac{c}{a^2}.
Substitutionalgebrainequality
★ 8/10

A Tangent Intersection Locus

Let P(x0,y0)P(x_0, y_0) be a point inside the ellipse E ⁣:x2a2+y2b2=1E \colon \dfrac{x^2}{a^2} + \dfrac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (with a>b>0a > b > 0). A line ll through PP meets the ellipse at AA and BB, and …

Pole and PolarExtremaconic sectionsanalytic geometry
★ 7/10

A Units Digit of a Floor

Let

an=(2+1)n−(2−1)n(n∈N∗).a_n = \left(\sqrt{2} + 1\right)^n - \left(\sqrt{2} - 1\right)^n \qquad (n \in \mathbb{N}^*).

Find the units digit of ⌊a2017⌋\left\lfloor a_{2017} \right\rfloor.

number theoryRecursionModular Arithmeticsequences

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