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★ 7/10

When Squares Beat the Sum

Let x1,…,xnx_1, \dots, x_n (n≥2n \ge 2) be positive reals with x1x2⋯xn>1x_1x_2\cdots x_n > 1. Prove that

x12+x22+⋯+xn2>x1+x2+⋯+xn.x_1^2 + x_2^2 + \cdots + x_n^2 > x_1 + x_2 + \cdots + x_n.
AM-GMinequality
★ 7/10

A Slope-Two Line Across a Focal-Chord Configuration

figure

As shown in the figure, FF is the focus of the parabola y2=2pxy^2=2px (p>0p>0), and MM is the intersection point of its di…

ParametrizationCompleting the Squareconic sectionsanalytic geometry
★ 7/10

A Strange Operation

Define the operation

m∗n=mn+1m+n.m * n = \frac{mn + 1}{m + n}.

Evaluate

(⋯((100∗99)∗98)∗⋯∗3)∗2.\Big(\cdots\big((100 * 99) * 98\big) * \cdots * 3\Big) * 2.
SubstitutionalgebraTelescoping
★ 9/10

An Incircle Tangent Angle Doubling

The hyperbola C:x2a2−y2b2=1C:\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a,b>0a,b>0) has eccentricity 22 and left and right foci F1F_1, F2F_2. A line ll through F2F_2 meets the right branch of CC at…

Pole and PolarReflectionconic sectionsAM-GM
★ 8/10

Two Solutions of a Double Composition

Let

f(x)={−12x,x>0,−e−x,x⩽0.f(x) = \begin{cases} -\dfrac{1}{2}x, & x > 0,\\ -e^{-x}, & x \leqslant 0. \end{cases}

If the equation f(f(x))=mf(f(x)) = m has exactly two real solutions x1,x2x_1, x_2, find the mi…

functionsExtremaSubstitutionMonotonicity
★ 7/10

A Tangency Chain

Let f(x)=ex+x2−xf(x) = e^x + x^2 - x and g(x)=x2+ax+bg(x) = x^2 + ax + b, with a,ba, b real.

1. When a=1a = 1, find the intervals of monotonicity of F(x)=f(x)−g(x)F(x) = f(x) - g(x). 2. Suppose the tangent line $l…

ExtremacalculusMonotonicity
★ 7/10

Dominating a Square Root

Let f(x)=ex−a−axf(x) = \mathrm{e}^{x-a} - ax with a∈Ra \in \mathbb{R}.

1. If f(x)f(x) has two zeros, find the range of possible values of aa. 2. If for every x∈[0,+∞)x \in [0, +\infty),

f(x+1)+…f(x+1) +…
calculusMonotonicityEstimationinequality
★ 8/10

Claims About a Cubic Iteration

A sequence {an}\{a_n\} satisfies an+1=14(an−6)3+6a_{n+1}=\dfrac 14(a_n-6)^3+6 (n∈N∗n\in\mathbb N^{*}). Determine, with proof, which of the following claims are true.

1. When a1=3a_1=3, {an}\{a_n\} is d…

MonotonicityRecursionsequencesCasework
★ 7/10

An Alternating Reciprocal Sum

A positive sequence {an}\{a_n\} satisfies a1=32a_1 = \dfrac{3}{2} and

an+12−an2=1(n+2)2−1n2.a_{n+1}^2 - a_n^2 = \frac{1}{(n+2)^2} - \frac{1}{n^2}.

Let SnS_n be the sum of the first nn terms. Find

\…\…
RecursionalgebrasequencesTelescoping
★ 5/10

Distance from a Moving Point in a Cube to an Edge

figure

As shown in the figure, in the cube ABCD-A1B1C1D1ABCD\text{-}A_1B_1C_1D_1 with edge length 22, the point EE is the midpoint o…

Extremasolid geometry
★ 9/10

A Jump of Size mm

Let A ⁣:a1,a2,…,a2mA \colon a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_{2m} be a permutation of 1,2,…,2m1, 2, \ldots, 2m, where m∈N∗m \in \mathbb{N}^* and m⩾3m \geqslant 3. Say AA has property PP if there is at least one …

combinatoricsArithmetic ProgressionCountingsequences+1
★ 7/10

A Tangent Circle Family

Consider the circles

M:(x+1)2+y2=1andN:(x−1)2+y2=9.M:(x+1)^2+y^2=1\qquad\text{and}\qquad N:(x-1)^2+y^2=9.

A moving circle PP is externally tangent to MM and internally tangent to NN; the locus of its cen…

Tangent CircleCirclesconic sectionsCasework

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