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6/10

Three Equations, Five Powers

Solve over the complex numbers:

{x+y+z=3,x2+y2+z2=3,x5+y5+z5=3.\begin{cases} x + y + z = 3, \\ x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 3, \\ x^5 + y^5 + z^5 = 3. \end{cases}
algebraPolynomials
7/10

Three Values Bound a Quadratic

The quadratic f(x)=ax2+bx+cf(x) = ax^2 + bx + c (a0a \ne 0) satisfies

f(0)2,f(2)2,f(2)2.|f(0)| \le 2, \qquad |f(2)| \le 2, \qquad |f(-2)| \le 2.

Find the maximum possible value of f(x)|f(x)| over $x \in [-…

functionsQuadratic EquationsAbsolute ValueCompleting the Square+1
7/10

Three Radicals on an Interval

Find the minimum and maximum of

y=x+27+13x+x.y = \sqrt{x + 27} + \sqrt{13 - x} + \sqrt{x}.
functionsExtremaalgebraCauchy-Schwarz+1
8/10

An Impossible Half-Shift?

A real function ff satisfies

f(f(x))=x1for all real x.f(f(x)) = x - 1 \quad \text{for all real } x.

Do there exist integers nn with f(n)f(n) also an integer? Find all such nn or prove none exist.

functionsnumber theoryalgebraInduction+1
9/10

A Tangent Through the Orthocenter

Let ω\omega be the circumcircle of an acute triangle ABCABC with orthocenter HH. The tangent line at HH to the circumcircle of HBC\triangle HBC meets ω\omega at points XX and $Y…

plane geometryReflectionPower of a Point
8/10

A Focal Triangle Area from a Bisector

The hyperbola C:x2y224=1C:x^2-\dfrac{y^2}{24}=1 has left and right foci F1F_1, F2F_2. Let PP be a point of CC in the first quadrant, and let ll be the bisector of F1PF2\angle F_1PF_2. The …

conic sections
7/10

Three Zeros of a Palindromic Quartic

Suppose the function

f(x)=x46x3+rx26x+1f(x)=x^4-6x^3+rx^2-6x+1

has exactly three zeros in (0,3](0,3]. Find the range of the real number rr.

functionsQuadratic EquationsSubstitutionalgebra+1
8/10

A Monotonicity Region

Let f(x)=(x2+ax+b)exf(x) = (x^2 + ax + b)e^x with b<1b < 1, and suppose f(x)f(x) is increasing on both (,2)(-\infty, -2) and (1,+)(1, +\infty). Find the range of possible values of a+ba2\dfrac{a+b}{a-2}.

functionsLinear ProgrammingcalculusMonotonicity+1
7/10

A Constant Product of Slopes?

The ellipse C ⁣:x2a2+y2b2=1C \colon \dfrac{x^2}{a^2} + \dfrac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (with a>b>0a > b > 0) has eccentricity 22\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}, and the circle whose diameter is the minor axis of CC is …

Affine Transformationconic sectionsanalytic geometrySymmetry
8/10

A Tangential Pentagon Area

A convex pentagon ABCDEABCDE has AB=5AB=5, BC=CD=DE=6BC=CD=DE=6, EA=7EA=7, and has an inscribed circle. Find the area of the pentagon ABCDEABCDE.

plane geometrytrigonometryTangent CircleTrigonometric Identities
7/10

Two Solutions with a Parameter

Let

f(x)=exx4,g(x)=a4axex.f(x) = \frac{\mathrm{e}^x}{x} - 4, \qquad g(x) = a - \frac{4ax}{\mathrm{e}^x}.

If the equation f(x)=g(x)f(x) = g(x) has exactly two real solutions on (0,+)(0, +\infty), find the ra…

functionscalculusSubstitutionMonotonicity+1
7/10

A Tangent Product from a Centroid

In ABC\triangle ABC, the centroid is GG and the circumcenter is OO, and OGBCOG\parallel BC. Find tanBtanC\tan B\tan C.

plane geometrytrigonometryTriangle Geometry

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