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7/10

A Permutation Product Minimum

Let a1,a2,,a9a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_9 be any permutation of 1,2,,91, 2, \ldots, 9. Find the minimum value of

a1a2a3+a4a5a6+a7a8a9.a_1a_2a_3 + a_4a_5a_6 + a_7a_8a_9.
combinatoricsEstimationAM-GMinequality
6/10

Planes Through Edge Midpoints

How many planes pass through at least 33 of the midpoints of the edges of a cube?

combinatoricsCountingsolid geometryCasework
6/10

A Root and a Rational Bound

Let f(x)=ln(x+1)+x+1+ax+bf(x) = \ln(x+1) + \sqrt{x+1} + ax + b, where a,bRa, b \in \mathbb{R} are constants, and suppose the curve y=f(x)y = f(x) is tangent to the line y=32xy = \dfrac{3}{2}x at the point $(0…

calculusSubstitutionMonotonicityLogarithms+1
8/10

A Min Focal Sum on a Chord

The ellipse C:x2a2+y2b2=1C:\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0a>b>0) has left and right foci F1F_1, F2F_2; the point M(1,32)M\left(1,\dfrac 32\right) lies on CC, and in F1MF2\triangle F_1MF_2, $…

Pole and PolarExtremaconic sections
7/10

A Tangent Aligned with a Chord

The ellipse x2a2+y2b2=1\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0a>b>0) has right focus FF and upper vertex BB, with eccentricity 255\dfrac{2\sqrt 5}5 and BF=5|BF|=\sqrt 5.

1. Find the equatio…

Pole and Polarconic sections
6/10

Area Swept by a Segment to a Moving Point on the Unit Circle

figure

Let A(2,0)A(2,0) be a fixed point in the plane, and let

P(sin(2t60), cos(2t60))P\left(\sin(2t-60^\circ),\ \cos(2t-60^\circ)\right)

be a moving poin…

plane geometrytrigonometryParametrizationCircles+1
8/10

A Unique Separating kk

Let f(x)=kx2kxf(x) = kx^2 - kx and

g(x)={lnx,x1,x3+(a+1)x2ax,0<x<1.g(x) = \begin{cases} \ln x, & x \geqslant 1,\\ -x^3 + (a+1)x^2 - ax, & 0 < x < 1. \end{cases}

Suppose the real number kk making $f(x) \geqslant g(…

functionscalculusMonotonicity
7/10

A Cleaning Ball in a Groove

The axial cross-section of an industrial groove is part of the hyperbola y2x2=1y^2-x^2=1 (with y[1,10]y\in[1,10]). A spherical cleaning ball is placed in the groove; it must be able to reac…

ExtremaTangent Circleconic sectionsanalytic geometry
8/10

A Seventh-Power Trig Equation

Solve over the reals:

sin7x+1cos3x=cos7x+1sin3x.\sin^7 x + \frac{1}{\cos^3 x} = \cos^7 x + \frac{1}{\sin^3 x}.
functionstrigonometryMonotonicity
7/10

Half-Angle Tangents in an AP

In ABC\triangle ABC, the sides opposite A,B,CA, B, C are a,b,ca, b, c, and a+c=2ba + c = 2b. Prove that

tanA2tanC2tan2B2.\tan\frac{A}{2}\cdot\tan\frac{C}{2} \geqslant \tan^2\frac{B}{2}.
trigonometryAM-GMinequalityTriangle Geometry
7/10

Lines Meeting at a Vertex

Let AA and BB be the left and right vertices of the ellipse C ⁣:x2a2+y2b2=1C \colon \dfrac{x^2}{a^2} + \dfrac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (with a>b>0a > b > 0). The minor axis of CC has the same length as it…

conic sectionsanalytic geometryVieta's FormulasSymmetry
8/10

A Log Telescoping Bound

Let f(x)=xlnxax2+af(x) = x\ln x - ax^2 + a with a>0a > 0.

1. If f(x)<0f(x) < 0 for all x>1x > 1, find the range of possible values of aa. 2. For integers n2n \geqslant 2, prove that

\frac{\ln 2…
calculusMonotonicityEstimationTelescoping+1

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